How to customize personalize USB power adapter?

 

I. Introduction

In the era of increasing popularity of mobile devices, USB power adapters and USB chargers have become important power sources in modern life. In order to meet the needs of different devices, more and more manufacturers consider custom USB power adapters or USB chargers. This article will show you how to customize the USB power adapter in detail, and provide the necessary technical guidance and advice.

II. the classification of USB power adapter

USB power adapters are usually divided into low power and high power types according to the power size and application scenarios. Low power means that the output power is less than or equal to 10 watts, while high power means that the output power is greater than 10 watts. In addition, according to the different use scenarios, USB power adapters can be further classified into: information, home appliances, lamps, medical and other types.

1. Low power USB power adapter

Low power USB power adapter is mainly used for charging ordinary mobile phones, tablets, e-book readers, TV boxes, smart bracelets, watches and other devices. They usually have A USB-A interface and a fixed output current, the output voltage is usually 5 volts (V), the current is usually around 1-2 amps (A). The more common low-power USB chargers have 5W and 10W, mainly depending on their output power.

2. High power USB power adapter

High-power USB power adapters are generally used for smartphones, ipads, laptops, smart speakers, Bluetooth speakers and other devices that require high power support, and can also be used for some devices that require fast charging, such as Iphone, iPad, MacBook, etc. They typically have multiple USB-A or USB-C interfaces and adjustable output voltages and currents. The output voltage is usually 5V, 9V, 12V, 15V, 20V, etc., and the current can be adjusted between 2A, 3A, 5A. The output power is usually between 30W, 45W, 60W, 120W, etc. It is worth noting that such chargers usually need to comply with QC and PD charging protocols to activate the maximum voltage and current for fast charging.

QC chargers are designed by Qualcomm and use a proprietary technology to deliver fast charging to compatible devices. PD chargers, on the other hand, use the USB Power Delivery standard, which is an industry-standard technology that can be used with a wide range of devices.

3. Differences and application scenarios

The choice of USB power adapter needs to be determined according to the use environment and charging needs. For ordinary home or office use, low-power USB chargers are relatively more economical and convenient to carry, and can also meet the charging needs of most devices; Some devices that require fast charging or large power require a higher-power USB power adapter for charging.

III. the basic parameters and standards of USB power adapter

1. Output voltage and current

The basic parameters of USB power adapter include output voltage,current, power and DC output waveform. The output voltage is usually 5V, 9V, 12V, 15V, 20V, and the output current is usually 1-5A. The DC output waveform of the USB power adapter should be stable, noise-free and smooth to ensure the stability and safety of the device charging effect. In addition, the accuracy of the output voltage should also meet the safety certification standards. USB power adapters need to pass various safety certifications and comply with relevant international standards, such as IEC, UL, EN, CCC, etc.

2. Dc output waveform

Dc output waveform refers to the current fluctuation of the output of the USB power adapter. If the power is not stable, the equipment may fail during use. Therefore, a well-designed USB power adapter generally adds components such as filter capacitors and voltage regulator circuits to the circuit to ensure the stability and stability of the output current.

3. Safety standards

In order to ensure that the USB power adapter has good safety performance, it needs to meet various safety certification standards, such as UL, CE, FCC, and so on. These standards define a series of rules to restrict the use, use, use environment and use method of electrical equipment, and require the reduction of the level of risk posed by the operation of electrical equipment. When manufacturing USB power adapters, the relevant standards should be followed to ensure that they have good quality and stability.

IV. the demand analysis of custom USB power adapter

Before designing and manufacturing a USB power adapter, a requirements analysis is required. First of all, it is necessary to consider the use scenario and application requirements, for example, what interfaces are needed, the charging speed and other factors to clarify the needs of the product; Second, you need to select the appropriate output parameters and performance requirements, such as output voltage, current and power, and ensure that the output of the USB power adapter is stable, ripple free, and low noise. In addition, factors such as the size, weight and plug specifications of the adapter need to be considered. Finally, it is necessary to summarize customer needs and manufacturing costs to determine the final pricing and ensure that the adapter is reasonably economical.

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